Faith Formation in the Era of Information Distortion: A Digital Pedagogy Approach to Christian Religious Education Courses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21732120Keywords:
Christian Religious Education, digital pedagogy, faith formation, information distortion, artificial intelligence, digital theological literacyAbstract
The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed the way university students access, evaluate, and interpret information, including religious content. At the same time, the increasing spread of misinformation, disinformation, hoaxes, and theologically unreliable online content poses significant challenges to faith formation in Christian Religious Education. This study aims to examine the impact of information distortion on students' faith formation, explore the implementation of digital pedagogy in Christian Religious Education courses, and develop a learning framework that strengthens faith formation in the digital era. A mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design was employed. The study began with a survey involving 30 Christian Religious Education students, followed by in-depth interviews with lecturers and selected students to provide a deeper understanding of the quantitative findings. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression, while qualitative data were examined through thematic analysis. The findings reveal that digital theological literacy, critical theological thinking, reflective technology-enhanced learning, and the ethical use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) contribute positively to strengthening students' faith formation. Conversely, limited ability to critically evaluate digital information increases students' vulnerability to information distortion, which may influence both their understanding of Christian faith and moral decision-making. Based on these findings, this study proposes the Faith Digital Pedagogy Framework, integrating Biblical Foundation, Digital Theological Literacy, Critical Theological Thinking, Reflective Digital Learning, Ethical Artificial Intelligence Integration, and Faith Transformation into a holistic model of digital pedagogy. This framework offers both a theoretical contribution to the development of Christian Religious Education and practical guidance for educators in designing contextual, reflective, and adaptive learning experiences that respond to the challenges of the digital information age.
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References
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Boiliu, Esti R, Demsy Jura, and Augusto O Carvalho. “Reinterpreting Religion in the Digital Age: Theology, Ethics, and Christian Education.” Didache: Journal of Christian Education 6, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.46445/djce.v6i2.1075.
Darti, D, Daniel A Rantung, Lamhot Naibaho, and Noh Ibrahim Boiliu. “Pembelajaran Transformatif Pendidikan Agama Kristen Di Era Teknologi Digital.” JRegula Fidei: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Kristen 8, no. 2 (2023): 133–46.
Hwang, Yoori, Ji Youn Ryu, and Se-Hoon Jeong. “Effects of Disinformation Using Deepfake: The Protective Effect of Media Literacy Education.” Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 24, no. 3 (2021): 188–93. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.0174.
Kristiani, Elisa Nimbo Sumual, and Yohana Fajar Rahayu. “Transformasi Pendidikan Agama Kristen: Strategi Adaptif Menghadapi Tantangan Pembelajaran Di Era Digital.” ELEOS: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen 4, no. 2 (2025): 146–59. https://doi.org/10.53814/eleos.v4i2.133.
Laksita, Intan Nastiti Hayu, and Rian Nurizka. “Literasi Digital Pembentuk Kemampuan Bernalar Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar Dalam Membedakan Fakta Dan Opini.” Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar 11, no. 2 (2026). https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v11i02.46153.
Maranatha, Christian Ade, and Ester Agustini Tandana. “Digital Faith Formation and Christian Religious Education Teachers’ Leadership in 21st-Century Learning.” MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social 3, no. 1 (2025): 41–56. https://doi.org/10.46362/moderate.v3i1.25.
Nababan, Doni Abadi, Joice Patty, Stephany Brigitha Sopacua, and Desi Sianipar. “Strategi Manajemen Kelas Pendidikan Agama Kristen Yang Kolaboratif Dan Berbasis Literasi Digital.” Jurnal Shanan 8, no. 1 (2024): 85–104. https://doi.org/10.33541/shanan.v8i1.5559.
Paelongan, Jein, Serli Lambertus, Milka Milka, Welsianti Tumonglo, and Rani Ta’dung. “Integrasi Nilai Kristiani Dan Literasi Digital Dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen.” Cendikia: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran 2, no. 12 (2024): 539–51. https://doi.org/10.572349/cendikia.v2i12.4618.
Purnomo, Catur Prio, and Mariyanti Adu. “Integrasi Literasi Media Dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Di Era Digital.” Jurnal Shanan 9, no. 2 (2025): 225–45. https://doi.org/10.33541/shanan.v9i2.7324.
Situmorang, Anen Mangapul, and Iman Kristina Halawa. “Literasi Teologi Digital: Menjawab Tantangan Disrupsi Dalam Pendidikan Kristen Kontemporer.” GRAFTA: Journal of Christian Religion Education and Biblical Studies 4, no. 1 (2025): 11–19. https://doi.org/10.46494/grafta.v4i1.75.
Togatorop, J, D A Rantung, L Naibaho, and E R Boiliu. “Pendampingan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Terhadap Peningkatan Literasi Digital Orang Tua Milenial.” Regula Fidei: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Kristen 9, no. 1 (2024): 56–67. https://doi.org/10.33541/rfidei.v9i1.192.
Triposa, Reni, and Gloria Gabriel Lumingas. “Manajemen Pendidikan Agama Kristen Di Era Algoritma: Integrasi Kecerdasan Buatan, Budaya Lokal, Dan Spiritualitas Dalam Konteks Indonesia.” Regula Fidei: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Kristen 10, no. 2 (2025): 205–17. https://doi.org/10.33541/rfidei.v10i2.314.
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